Eating rules for gastritis

Gastritis is considered a common disease that affects both adults and children.Treatment of inflammation of the gastric mucosa should be comprehensive: it should include drugs recommended by a doctor, physical therapy and a healthy lifestyle.The leading role in the treatment of pathology is given to dietary nutrition - a diet for gastritis can smooth out unpleasant symptoms and prevent further deterioration of the patient's condition.

Nutrition for gastritis: basic principles

The diet is a special diet.It includes foods, dishes and drinks that are gentle on the gastric mucosa and are able to regulate the intensity of the secretion of gastric juice.

When gastritis has not yet led to pathologies of the stomach wall and occurs with a low degree of intensity, a balanced diet is sufficient to overcome the disease.

Diets for gastritis are not just a list of permitted and prohibited foods.

This is a special approach to nutrition that includes following important principles:

• Food restriction during the first two days of the acute stage of the disease.Some doctors recommend complete abstinence from food in the first hours of an exacerbation, organizing a fasting day.Cool, weak tea and still mineral water are allowed.This approach will allow the stomach to "rest" from digesting food and restore its functionality.
• From the second day of exacerbation, the diet includes liquid oatmeal, jelly, low-fat mashed potatoes with water and soft-boiled eggs.
• You should eat partially - in small portions throughout the day.The optimal regime is 5-6 meals in 3-4 hours.It is not allowed to increase the number of "approaches" and take long breaks between them.You should not eat in the evening either – your last meal should be 3 hours before going to bed.
• You should drink liquids (tea, juices, water) at least half an hour after eating.Water reduces the concentration of gastric juice, thus complicating digestion.It is allowed to drink a glass of still water before a meal.
• If possible, eat salt-free foods and try to cook food without salt.
• One-component dishes for gastritis, in which several products are not mixed at once, are preferable.Food should be simple and healthy so that the stomach is not overloaded.
• While eating, you should thoroughly chew each bite and each spoonful - the food will be pre-processed already in the oral cavity and it will be easier for the stomach to cope with digestion.
• There is a strict ban on dry food and snacks on the go or in a hurry.
• In acute conditions, the ban applies to all raw vegetables and fruits.
• Food temperature should be comfortable;hot or cold foods irritate the stomach even more.
• It is better to prepare food for gastritis for a maximum of 2 days.If food is stored longer, its nutritional value will be lost and most of the beneficial vitamins will be destroyed.
• Ready meals should only be stored in the refrigerator and warmed to a comfortable temperature before consumption.
• For cooking, use only fresh products purchased from reliable commercial outlets.Otherwise, food poisoning with severe intoxication can be added to gastritis.
• Prefer products without preservatives, colorings, harmful food additives and flavor enhancers.

Patients suffering from gastritis should not give up physical activity.On the contrary, moderate exercise, swimming and yoga will help speed up the digestion of food.Also, special attention should be paid to a healthy lifestyle - do not smoke, do not drink alcoholic beverages, observe the daily regimen.

What can you eat if you have gastritis?

Any diet, including for inflammation of the stomach, must provide the body with a sufficient amount of nutrients and energy, be comprehensive and rational.

The diet for acute diseases has many restrictions, but the list of products is generally extensive.

porridge

They are considered the most useful product for patients with gastritis.Everyone, regardless of the form of the disease, should start their morning with porridge.They are rich in carbohydrates, supply the body with energy and trace elements, and due to their fiber content, they improve the functions of the stomach and intestines.

• Oatmeal in the form of flakes is dish No. 1 on the list of permitted foods for gastritis.The liquid consistency of porridge, cooked in water or milk, helps relieve stomach cramps and relieve inflammation.Oatmeal is eaten as a side dish or dessert, adding sugar, allowed fruits and dried fruits.
• Semolina - boils quickly and has a slimy consistency, helps the accelerated breakdown of carbohydrates, fats and proteins.
• Millet.Millet porridge is rough even after cooking, so it is better to take it in small quantities, and if you have hyperacid gastritis, you should avoid it.
• Rice is a tender grain that, after cooking, forms a mucus that coats the walls of the stomach.Oatmeal from mashed rice can be eaten during an exacerbation of gastritis with low and high acidity.If the disease is accompanied by constipation, you should not eat rice.
• Barley porridge covers the stomach lining well.But you need to prepare it correctly - boil it in water, waiting for the cereals to be fully cooked, while maintaining the liquid consistency of the dish.
• Buckwheat is a panacea for increased acidity.Buckwheat prepared in the form of milk soup is useful;it is rich in protein and iron.
• Wheat porridge is allowed in the remission stage of the disease, because hard grains are poorly digested and irritate the stomach.When cooking, the porridge is completely boiled and has a slimy consistency.

First courses for gastritis

Soups that are included in the diet should be cooked in weak broth.Bones, fatty meat and spices are not used in cooking.The ingredients for the soup should be very finely chopped, ideally pureed.To make the dish thicker, you can add fried wheat flour.Soups made from oatmeal and rice cereal with the addition of vegetable oil, but not butter, are runny.

What to eat first course for gastritis:

• Rice and milk puree soup with vegetable broth;
• Potato soup with carrots and olive oil;
• Rice slimy soup with lean meat and parsley;
• Chicken soup with carrots, potatoes and fennel;
• Pumpkin puree soup with water or vegetable stock;
• Low-fat perch fish soup with parsley and carrots;
• Borscht with beef broth - beets are boiled and added to the dish after cooking.

By letting your imagination run wild and combining the permitted types of food for gastritis, you can prepare various soups - tasty and useful.

Fish and meat for gastritis

Fish is considered the main provider of protein for the body;moreover, its meat digests quickly and does not overload the digestive system.Omega-3 unsaturated fatty acids restore the damaged stomach epithelium and act as an antioxidant.

The benefits of fish for gastritis depend on the fat content and the method of preparation.It is allowed to eat only low-fat varieties of fish: pollock, hake, pike, navaga, sea lemon and flounder.The product should be eaten only after heat treatment, with the exception of frying.Fish can be steamed or cooked in a slow cooker, eaten boiled or made into steamed cutlets, meatballs, soufflés and fish soup.

Salted fish is prohibited in gastritis, but in the remission stage it is allowed to eat a small amount of herring exclusively at home.In this case, you can independently control the amount of salt in the product and not harm the stomach.

Meat is a heavy product and difficult for the body to digest.But dietary meat dishes in moderation will help restore the gastric mucosa due to the supply of proteins.Allowed types of meat include rabbit, turkey, chicken and beef.But under one condition: the product must be low-fat and not fried.Meat is better boiled or steamed before eating;during the stage of remission it is allowed to eat grilled meat products.It is preferable to grind the meat into minced meat - this way it is digested faster - and to use it to prepare cutlets, meatballs, zraz, döner and meatballs.

Doctors advise not to mix meat with other foods, otherwise the stomach may not be able to cope with the dish.

vegetables

Raw vegetables can be consumed only during the period of remission of the disease.At the same time, gastroenterologists advise keeping a food diary, in which the body's reaction to each type is noted.Vegetables should not contain coarse fibers that irritate the walls of the stomach.They should be boiled or stewed.

What can you eat with gastritis:

• Orange and red vegetables - pumpkin, zucchini, carrots, yellow peppers, yellow tomatoes, beets and red potatoes;
• Green vegetables - Brussels sprouts, asparagus, peppers, peas and spring onions;
• White and purple - eggplant, cauliflower, parsnips and potatoes.

Green vegetables should be limited in gastritis with high acidity.Outside the exacerbation of the pathology, you can eat cucumbers, peeled and grated.Vegetables can be used to prepare not only soups, but also delicious purees, soufflés, garnishes, stews and casseroles.

Fruits, berries, melons

A list of "fruits" what you can and cannot eat with gastritis,includes the following fruits:

• Apples.With any acidity of the stomach, you should buy only sweet varieties and eat them without skins and seeds.Baked apples are considered a dietary dish - they contain a large amount of vitamins and pectins, which improve digestion and improve health.
• Bananas.Universal product for any form of gastritis.However, in the acute stage you should not eat more than one banana a day: half in the morning and in the evening.Only fruits with a light yellow skin are suitable for food - overripe and green bananas can cause a feeling of heaviness and discomfort in the stomach.
• Pears.They are considered a harmless and useful product for the digestive system.They normalize the work of the intestines and remove toxins.
• Watermelon and cantaloupe.In small quantities, melons can be included in the diet, but not early varieties.Only those fruits that are sold until the end of August are suitable for food - they have less nitrates.
• Raspberry.You can consume it in moderation in ground form;it is especially useful for reduced stomach acidity.Berries make up for the lack of B vitamins and minerals.
• Sweet cherries are permitted for any kind of stomach pathology.

All fresh berries and fruits contain acid that can irritate the stomach lining.The following list includes the safest fruits.But it is better if they undergo heat treatment before inclusion in the diet.

You can make delicious fruit drinks, jelly and berry compotes, bake pears and apples.There is an exception for pathologies with insufficient secretion - these patients can eat citrus fruits, berries and fruits raw.To avoid fermentation, it is better to eat the fruit separately from the first and second course.

Dairy products and eggs

Dairy products must be included in the diet for gastritis.Full-fat milk as an independent drink is consumed in moderate quantities - it is difficult to break down and digested for a long time.It is better to add it to tea, porridge and soups.Goat's milk will be useful for gastritis.It is believed to be able to relieve inflammation of the internal organs.

Cottage cheese also has a good effect.It is used to make casseroles, baked cheesecakes and lazy dumplings.If you wish, you can eat fresh cottage cheese - just rub it through a fine sieve.

In minimal doses, it is allowed to consume hard cheeses - soft and unsalted.Allowed products include fermented baked milk and low-fat sour cream, yogurt and acidophilus.

Eggs are used to make omelettes, steamed, boiled but not hard-boiled and no more than one egg per day.

Flour and sweets

Crackers and old white bread have a good effect on the gastric mucosa.Crackers can be soaked in weak tea.Every other day, you are allowed to add unsweetened chocolate-free cookies or unsweetened muffins to your diet.You can eat pasta and vermicelli as a side dish.

Allowed sweets:

• copper;
• Semolina puddings;
• Homemade sweet fruit jam;
• Cottage cheese souffle;
• natural fruit jelly;
• Non-acidic dried fruit soaked in warm water.

Drinks

The following fruit and vegetable juices are allowed for gastritis: sweet apples, cherries, pears, peaches, cabbage, tomatoes and potatoes.Juices should be diluted with cold water and drunk warm.

Rosehip decoction, green tea, weak black tea with milk, compote, non-carbonated mineral water, jelly are useful for stomach problems.

What not to do with gastritis

A properly structured diet for inflammation includes avoiding foods that irritate the stomach walls, complicate digestion and cause excessive fermentation.For any form of gastritis, the following are prohibited:

• Rye and freshly baked bread;
• French fries;
• All strong fat broths;
• Okroshka;
• Classic borsch with tomatoes and fries;
• Fried dishes with meat and fish;
• Smoked meats, sausages and sausages;
• Oily types of fish, including canned;
• Spicy salty hard cheeses;
• Glazed cottage cheese;
• Sour cream and cream with a high fat content;
• ice cream;
• Cakes and pastries;
• Grapes and grape juice;
• cabbage;
• Turnips and radishes;
• onion;
• All types of mushrooms;
• legumes;
• swedish
• Preserves, pickled vegetables and pickles;

• Coffee - brewed and soluble;
• Strongly brewed tea;
• Soda and bread yeast;
• Chocolate and chocolate candies;
• Chicory drinks;
• alcohol;
• Nuts and seeds;
• Ginger and hot spices;
• All kinds of sauces, mayonnaise, mustard, horseradish
• lard;
• Margarine, fats and salted butter.

When preparing a diet, it is mandatory to carry out diagnostics to determine the level of acidity and the secretory function of the stomach.With general dietary recommendations, nutrition for gastritis with high and low acidity can differ significantly.

Diet #1

This is a diet for gastritis with increased acidity.Its purpose is to protect the mucous membrane from mechanical and chemical irritants.Foods that can stimulate the active production of gastric juice are excluded or limited.

Diet table No. 1 imposes a taboo on coarse, spicy, "juicy" foods, smoked foods, and pickles.Dishes are best served pureed, steamed or boiled.Baking is allowed, but without a crust.In addition to the prohibited items listed above, the list includes:

• Butter pastries, puff pastries;
• Porridge from millet, corn, eggs, pearl barley;
• Borscht, cabbage soup;
• Greens - garlic, sorrel and spinach;
• Sour, unripe, fiber-rich fruits and berries;
• Fried and hard-boiled eggs;
• Kefir and fermented baked milk;
• All types of citrus fruits.

The diet is complete, includes an optimal amount of substances necessary for the normal functioning of human organs and systems, improving the condition of the stomach.

Diet #2

Developed for the diet of patients with hypoacid gastritis.This form of the disease is accompanied by reduced secretory function of the stomach.The purpose of the diet is to stimulate the secretion process, but at the same time to protect the mucosa from mechanical irritants.Products that can cause fermentation processes in the stomach and intestines, as well as dishes that are difficult to digest and take a long time, are prohibited.Foods with a variety of chopped ingredients and different cooking methods are allowed - stewed, boiled, baked, moderately fried.Vegetables and fruits rich in fiber are shown in grated form.

What should not be done with gastritis with low acidity:

• Pearl barley, millet, corn and barley porridge - limited;
• Soups with milk;
• First courses of peas and beans;
• Tough, fibrous meats and poultry;
• Salted and smoked fish;
• Raw, unshredded vegetables;
• Rough varieties of berries and fruits in raw form;
• Dates and figs;
• Sour cream, dairy products with a high acid content - limited;
• Hard boiled eggs.

In the period of exacerbation of the disease, diets are prescribed.As the inflammatory processes subside, they gradually switch to their usual but rational diet.There are still restrictions on products that can cause exacerbation of the pathology and heaviness in the stomach.

Gastritis is one of the few pathologies that can be treated with a well-constructed diet.You need to be patient, review your lifestyle and pay more attention to your own health.